Men are believed to be more creative than women, even if they show equal skill.
就算表現(xiàn)出的能力不相上下，人們還是覺(jué)得男性的創(chuàng)造力比女性強(qiáng)。

This is according to a series of studies that found most people associate creativity with 'masculine qualities', such as risk-taking and a sense of adventure.
一系列研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，大多數(shù)人都把創(chuàng)造力和男性特質(zhì)聯(lián)系起來(lái)，比如承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的能力或是冒險(xiǎn)精神。

The findings provide a clearer insight into why men tend to get promoted faster than women in a range of professions, the researchers say.
研究人員表示，這些研究結(jié)果讓人們可以更明確地洞悉為什么在職場(chǎng)中男性比女性晉升得更快。

'Our research shows that beliefs about what it takes to 'think creatively' overlap substantially with the unique content of male stereotypes,' says lead researcher Devon Proudfoot at Duke University.
這項(xiàng)研究的領(lǐng)頭人、美國(guó)杜克大學(xué)的德文?普勞德富特說(shuō)：“我們的研究表明，人們對(duì)于‘創(chuàng)造性思維’的認(rèn)知很大方面都和傳統(tǒng)觀念的男性特質(zhì)相重合?！?/p>

In an online study, the researchers randomly assigned 80 participants to read a passage describing a type of creativity.
在第一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，研究人員在網(wǎng)上隨機(jī)指派80名參與者閱讀一篇描述創(chuàng)造力的文章。

They included the ability to 'think outside the box', also known as divergent thinking, or the ability to 'connect the dots', known as convergent thinking.
這篇文章所描述的創(chuàng)造力包括“跳出框框思考”，也稱作發(fā)散性思維，以及“將多個(gè)點(diǎn)連在一起”的能力，也叫作聚合思維。

After reading the passage, the participants rated how central 16 different personality traits are to creativity.
讀完文章后，參與者對(duì)16種不同的人格特質(zhì)按照他們和創(chuàng)造力的關(guān)聯(lián)大小進(jìn)行排序。

As expected, participants associated creativity more with stereotypically masculine traits, including decisiveness, competitiveness, risk-taking, ambition, and daring, than with stereotypically feminine traits like cooperation and understanding.
果不其然，相比傳統(tǒng)觀念中的女性特質(zhì)（如合作和理解），參與者挑選出的大多都和典型的男性特質(zhì)相符，包括堅(jiān)定果斷、爭(zhēng)強(qiáng)好勝、勇于冒險(xiǎn)、雄心勃勃以及大膽勇敢。

In a second online study, Proudfoot randomly assigned 169 participants to read about either an architect or a fashion designer; some were told the professional was male and others were told that the professional was female.
在第二個(gè)在線實(shí)驗(yàn)中，普勞德富特隨機(jī)指派169名參與者閱讀關(guān)于一個(gè)建筑師或一個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)師的資料，一部分人被告知這名專業(yè)人士為男性，另一部分人被告知這名專業(yè)人士為女性。

The participants viewed three images of the person's work and rated the work on its creativity, originality, and outside-the-box thinking.
參與者通過(guò)三張照片了解這位專業(yè)人士的作品，并從創(chuàng)造性、原創(chuàng)性和開(kāi)創(chuàng)性思考三個(gè)方面來(lái)給作品打分。

The male architect was judged as more creative than the female architect, despite the fact that their creations were identical.
盡管他們的作品大體相同，但人們還是覺(jué)得男性建筑師比女性建筑師更加富有創(chuàng)造力。

'This result suggests that gender bias in creativity judgments may affect tangible economic outcomes for men and women in the workplace,' the researchers write.
普勞德富特寫道：“研究結(jié)果表明，在判斷創(chuàng)造力方面的性別偏見(jiàn)可能會(huì)影響男女在職場(chǎng)中實(shí)際的經(jīng)濟(jì)收入。

'In suggesting that women are less likely than men to have their creative thinking recognized, our research not only points to a unique reason why women may be passed over for corporate leadership positions, but also suggests why women remain largely absent from elite circles within creative industries,' says Proudfoot.
“研究顯示，女性的創(chuàng)造性思維相比男性更難以得到認(rèn)可。我們的研究不僅從一個(gè)獨(dú)特的角度解釋了女性為什么會(huì)與公司高層職位失之交臂，也解釋了為什么創(chuàng)意產(chǎn)業(yè)的精英圈子里難覓女性的身影。

英文來(lái)源：每日郵報(bào)
譯者：黃心喻
編輯：丹妮