不會(huì)游泳就無(wú)法從清華大學(xué)畢業(yè)？日前，清華大學(xué)對(duì)外證實(shí)，從2017級(jí)開始，該校學(xué)生必須通過(guò)游泳測(cè)試，否則不能獲得畢業(yè)證書，一些特殊情況除外。對(duì)于這樣的要求，元芳，你怎么看？事實(shí)上，這個(gè)要求并非清華首創(chuàng)，“新”校規(guī)也算不上新鮮，此前國(guó)內(nèi)外多所知名高校早已強(qiáng)制要求學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)游泳技能。下面小編就來(lái)扒一扒名校的游泳情結(jié)為什么這么深。

清華：不會(huì)游泳不能畢業(yè)

Students aiming to enter Tsinghua University this year had better be able to swim or be prepared to learn swimming and pass a swim test since the prestigious university will not grant bachelor's degrees if they cannot swim.
今年打算考取清華大學(xué)的學(xué)生最好要會(huì)游泳，或準(zhǔn)備好學(xué)習(xí)游泳并通過(guò)考試，因?yàn)檫@所名校將拒絕向不會(huì)游泳的學(xué)生授予學(xué)士學(xué)位。

This September, would-be freshmen at Tsinghua University will have to take swimming courses if they fail a swimming test at the beginning of their university life, and they won't receive their degrees if they cannot swim before their graduation, in accordance with a message at a university staff meeting days ago, the Beijing Daily reported on Monday.
據(jù)《北京日?qǐng)?bào)》27日?qǐng)?bào)道，根據(jù)清華大學(xué)職工大會(huì)上的消息，今年9月份入學(xué)的新生如果在開學(xué)時(shí)沒(méi)有通過(guò)游泳測(cè)試，那么將要參加游泳課。如果學(xué)生在畢業(yè)之前仍不會(huì)游泳將無(wú)法獲得學(xué)位。

Potential freshmen with chronic diseases, skin disease or hydrophobia, once examined and affirmed by medical staff, don't need to take the required test or course.
患有慢性病、皮膚病或恐水癥的新生，一經(jīng)醫(yī)務(wù)人員檢查確認(rèn)，即可不必參加游泳測(cè)試或游泳課程。

Plans are for freshmen to take the test during their military training. In the test, students will pass the test if they can swim 50 meters, no matter whether they choose the breaststroke, butterfly stroke, freestyle or backstroke. Those failing the test have to take a compulsory swimming course.
學(xué)校的計(jì)劃是讓新生在軍訓(xùn)期間參加游泳測(cè)試。如果學(xué)生能游出50米便可通過(guò)測(cè)試， 蛙泳，蝶泳，自由泳或仰泳中的任意泳姿均可?？荚嚥缓细竦膶W(xué)生必須參加游泳必修課。

奇葩新校規(guī)引發(fā)熱議

此消息一出，不少網(wǎng)友感到不可思議，戲稱“清華學(xué)生是要組團(tuán)參加奧運(yùn)會(huì)嗎”。

因?yàn)槟挲g越小學(xué)習(xí)游泳越容易，有網(wǎng)友提出質(zhì)疑，為什么不在小學(xué)就安排這樣的必修課：

“歷史菌博主”調(diào)侃道，干脆規(guī)定沒(méi)有女朋友的也不許畢業(yè)算了：

也有人對(duì)新校規(guī)表示認(rèn)同，但是被這樣懟了回去：

除了看熱鬧的圍觀群眾，許多打算考清華大學(xué)的學(xué)生對(duì)此表示擔(dān)憂。

"Now Tsinghua University will test students in long-distance running and swimming, so students with poor sports performance will have to overcome a lot of difficulties once they enter the university," said a student surnamed Zhang from the Second High School Attached To Beijing Normal University.
北京師范大學(xué)第二附屬中學(xué)的張姓同學(xué)說(shuō)：“如今，清華大學(xué)將對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)跑和游泳測(cè)試，這樣體育成績(jī)較差的學(xué)生一旦進(jìn)入清華將要克服很多困難?！?/p>

However, students don't need to worry much, since Liu Bo, head of the Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, said relevant statistics showed that 90 percent of students can swim after taking the compulsory swimming course in their second year of university, and the remaining 10 percent will receive instruction after class provided by teachers, without paying extra tuition.
不過(guò)，清華大學(xué)體育科學(xué)與教學(xué)部主任劉波表示，學(xué)生們無(wú)需太過(guò)擔(dān)心，相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，90%的學(xué)生在二年級(jí)參加過(guò)游泳必修課后學(xué)會(huì)了游泳，而老師們會(huì)對(duì)余下10%的學(xué)生進(jìn)行課后指導(dǎo)，且不收取額外費(fèi)用。

國(guó)內(nèi)外多所名校要求學(xué)生會(huì)游泳 清華并非獨(dú)一家

有趣的是，小編在微博上發(fā)現(xiàn)，很多網(wǎng)友稱，自己的大學(xué)早就有這樣的規(guī)定，已經(jīng)是見(jiàn)怪不怪了。

而美國(guó)著名在線知識(shí)問(wèn)答網(wǎng)站Quora上也有一個(gè)提問(wèn)：“Which colleges make you pass a swim test to graduate（哪所大學(xué)強(qiáng)制畢業(yè)生通過(guò)游泳測(cè)試）?”

Mark Kantrowitz今年1月份回答稱，多年以前，美國(guó)的多數(shù)大學(xué)都要求學(xué)生通過(guò)游泳測(cè)試，但是現(xiàn)在很多學(xué)校已經(jīng)取消了這項(xiàng)要求。他還總結(jié)了現(xiàn)在仍保留這一規(guī)定的大學(xué)：

其他Quora用戶也給出了差不多的答案:

還有用戶稱，雖然哥倫比亞大學(xué)也有游泳測(cè)試，但是工程學(xué)院不用參加，傳聞稱，一旦爆發(fā)洪水，他們會(huì)建造一艘船因此不需要游泳。

始于一戰(zhàn) 揭秘名校的游泳情結(jié)

事實(shí)上，上世紀(jì)初，美國(guó)大學(xué)就要求畢業(yè)生必須掌握基本的游泳技能。這是因?yàn)樵诘谝淮问澜绱髴?zhàn)和第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中，高校成了美國(guó)的軍事訓(xùn)練營(yíng)地，為了提高水中安全，游泳就漸漸成為學(xué)生們的必修課。

但在戰(zhàn)后和平年代，大部分大學(xué)逐漸取消了這項(xiàng)要求。取消的原因之一是該規(guī)定對(duì)那些“旱鴨子”存在歧視。

到1977年，有42%的美國(guó)學(xué)校對(duì)學(xué)生有各種不同類型的游泳要求。到1997年仍堅(jiān)持游泳測(cè)試的學(xué)校僅剩14%。其中包括麻省理工、哥大等名校。

And viewing the ability to swim as a must for students to earn their degrees is not something new in Tsinghua University, as this ability was listed on its school regulations in the early 20th century.
而將游泳能力視為學(xué)生獲得學(xué)位的必要條件在清華也不是什么新鮮事。在上世紀(jì)初期，這項(xiàng)能力就被列入校規(guī)中。

"As early as 90 years ago, Tsinghua University required that students cannot graduate from the university or study overseas if they cannot swim, though the requirement didn't work later on since the swimming pools at the campus could not accommodate increasingly more students," said Liu.
劉波稱，“早在90年前，學(xué)校就提出不會(huì)游泳不能畢業(yè)、留學(xué)的要求，不過(guò)，由于當(dāng)時(shí)學(xué)校的游泳池?zé)o法容納越來(lái)越多的學(xué)生，這項(xiàng)規(guī)定后來(lái)并沒(méi)有再執(zhí)行?！?/p>

Many alumni of the prestigious university had to meet the swimming challenge. Renowned writer Liang Shih-chiu, entering Tsinghua University in 1915, failed the swimming test before his graduation, and he had to do his best at the make-up examination. Luckily his second endeavor got a pass from the head of the Division of Sports Science and Physical Education.
許多清華校友都曾被迫挑戰(zhàn)游泳。著名作家梁實(shí)秋1915年進(jìn)入清華大學(xué)，他在畢業(yè)前沒(méi)有通過(guò)游泳測(cè)試，因而不得不在補(bǔ)考中拼盡全力。好在體育科學(xué)與教學(xué)部的主任讓他的補(bǔ)考過(guò)關(guān)了。

As to why the university is linking swimming ability with degrees, "as a requisite survival skill, swimming is beneficial for students in the long run, since swimming is helpful in improving students' endurance and doing less harm to joints and muscles as a water sport," said Liu.
至于清華大學(xué)為什么要將游泳技能和學(xué)位掛鉤，劉波解釋道，“游泳是一項(xiàng)必要的生存技能，有助于提高學(xué)生的耐力，作為一種水上運(yùn)動(dòng)，其對(duì)關(guān)節(jié)和肌肉損害較小，從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看對(duì)學(xué)生有益?！?/p>

英文來(lái)源：中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)
翻譯&編輯：董靜
審校：丹妮