Avoiding the mainstream ( 2003-12-04 08:53) (eastday.com)
Independent filmmaker Jia Zhangke keeps going back to his hometown for
inspiration. The result is a series of gritty, realistic films about life in a
small Chinese town.
Director Jia Zhangke never smiles. Underneath his calm, cool exterior lies a
burning intensity. Maybe it's his personality or maybe it's because the director
is essentially unknown in China even though international critics heap praise on
his films.
All three films directed by Jia -- ``Xiaowu,'' ``Platform'' and ``Unknown
Pleasures'' -- focus on the lives of young people in his hometown, Fengyang
County, Shanxi Province. His films are noted for their honest portrayal of life,
both good and bad, in rural China. While local reviewers and cinemagoers have
said Jia's films are repetitive and visually coarse, the director remains
undeterred.
``The town is where I am from,'' says the 33-year-old, who visited Shanghai
late last month. ``I lived there for 21 years and understand it so much. Perhaps
that is my limit, but I don't want to go beyond it. As for the quality, I just
shoot my hometown in a realistic way and show exactly what they are like -- the
people, the street, the noise and the environment. They are the same on screen
and in reality. Perhaps they don't look nice, but I can't make a portrait of the
town in a comfortable way. I believe that's my way of being honest.''
Jia talks with a small gathering and answers the questions of local movie
fans at DDM Warehouse, near the Bund, where all his creations have been
screened. The crowd of about 50 people filled the room as the projector rolled.
The audience is watching ``Platform.'' On one scene, a peasant gets a contract
to work at a coal mine.
Illiterate, he asks his cousin to read the contract. The paper doesn't
guarantee the safety of miners, but the man still takes the job. This scene is
Jia's favorite from not just ``Platform,'' but all his films.
``It unveils some big differences within a small space,'' says the graduate
of the Beijing Film Academy. ``Some young people like the cousin are seeking
their own lifestyle. However, just across the mountain, others like the miner
have to make a decision of life and death. It's an impressive contrast.'' Jia's
films are seen by few people in China. Those that see the independent
filmmaker's movies are through film fan clubs, at minor film festivals or
pirated DVDs. Jia's strength and signature is the documentary style of
filmmaking. He uses non-stop long shots, amateur actors with strong accents and
lots of background noise. These elements successfully create that realistic look
and feel he seeks.
``The documentary function of films is nearly forgotten by most Chinese,''
says Jia. ``The mainstream in the country is all about drama and entertaining
programs. But the documentary format can teach a director how to observe and
what to observe in real life.'' Though the documentary style looks simple and
uninteresting, Jia's works are highly acknowledged by overseas critics and
filmmakers. Maria Barbieri, an independent TV producer from Italy, loves Jia's
movies. ``His films are great,'' she says.
``With very simple technical means, he managed to portray a lot of depth. You
just feel the atmosphere, those young people living in the rural environment in
China.'' Barbieri mentions actor Wang Hongwei, who plays leading roles in
several of Jia's films. She thinks he is ideal as the small guy who never looks
people in the eyes. Moreover, she speaks highly on Jia's plots. ``The story of
`Platform' is great,'' she continues.
``Any foreigner who knows little of China can see the passage of time in the
20 years that the film is talking about. `Xiaowu' is so much like early Italian
films where somebody is on the verge of accomplishing something different, but
encounter many difficulties and remain the same.'' Jia entered Beijing Film
Academy in 1993 and started shooting two years later. With the help of friends,
he raised just under 200,000 yuan (US$24,096) for his first film ``Xiaowu.''
Highly acclaimed abroad, it has won the Dragons and Tigers Award at the
Vancouver International Film Festival, the Wolfgang Staudt Prize at the Berlin
International Film Festival and the Sky Prize at the San Francisco International
Film Festival. ``Platform'' almost repeated the success, and ``Unknown
Pleasures'' has been selected as the only Chinese film to compete in this year's
Cannes International Film Festival -- it knocked out big-name Chinese directors
Zhang Yimou and Sun Zhou.
Sylvie Levey, a French freelance writer, feels emotional when watching Jia's
productions. ``These films are the best I've ever seen,'' she says. ``They are
so Chinese, so realistic and so powerful, with no fake stuff at all. Though
those characters or scenes look quite `tu' (unsophisticated), they make
audiences understand something underneath the surface. And that's part of
Chinese culture.'' Currently Jia is preparing the script for his next film,
which he says will be something different. `
``Unknown Pleasures' was the ending of my previous phase,'' he says. ``I'll
restart from scratch to make my next movie, with new methods and production
modes. But I shall stick to the same theme and same people. I am excited about
it and will try my best to make it accessible to domestic audiences.''
People can only hope that the talented director delivers on his promise.
Despite some critics belief that he focuses on rural themes too frequently,
independent director Jia Zhangke doesn't apologize. -- Gao Yiyang
Movie stills of ``Xiaowu'' and ``Unknown Pleasure,'' two of Jia's
``Hometown'' trilogy. The second in the series is
``Platform.''